Testing the causal model of self-directed learning based on the perspective of the future with emphasis on the mediating role of academic persistence

Articles in Press

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Sanandaj Free Education Science Department

2 Lecturer at Farhangian University of Urmia

3 Department of Educational Sciences, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran

4 Assistant Professor, Department of Information Science and Epistemology, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Zabol University, Zabol, Iran.

Abstract

research was conducted with the purpose of testing the causal model of self-directed learning based on the perspective of the future, emphasizing the mediating role of academic persistence.The research employed a descriptive-correlational survey method. The population consisted of all high school students in the theoretical fields of Urmia, Iran, totaling 22,123 individuals. A two-stage cluster random sampling method was used to select a sample of 378 students. The study utilized the Future Time Perspective Scale (Husman & Shell, 2008), the Self-Regulated Learning Scale (Gagné, 1997), and the Academic Persistence Scale (Martin & Marsh, 2008). The validity of the instruments was confirmed through expert opinions from educational and educational psychology specialists, and the reliability was verified using factor analysis. To test the research hypotheses, descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling using LISREL software were employed. The results indicated that future time perspective had a positive and significant effect on self-regulated learning (coefficient = 0.29). Future time perspective also had a positive and significant effect on academic persistence (= 0.78). Academic persistence had a positive and significant effect on self-regulated learning (= 0.63). Finally, the indirect effect of future time perspective on self-regulated learning, mediated by academic persistence, was significant (= 0.48)

Keywords

Educational and Scholastic studies

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 10 January 2026

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