A Model on the Role of Motivation in Predicting Academic Achievement of High School Students through the Mediation of Perfectionism

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Professor of Psychology at Payame Noor University. Tehran Branch

2 PhD Candidate of Psychology at Payame Noor University, Tehran Branch

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate of motivational believes role in predict of academic achievement by mediate of perfectionism in high school students. Design of this research in methodological perspective was multivariate correlation design and structural equation modeling. Social societies of research were including all of Tehran's high school students in 2015 educational year. Research sample was including of 310 people that were selected by multistage clustering between high school students from seven state area schools. To data collection was used from Pintrich motivational believes, Hill perfectionism and academic achievement scores. Structural equation modelling was used to data analyzing in AMOS software.
Results showed that there was positive and significant correlation between motivational believes and academic achievement (p<0/001). Also results showed that there was negative correlation between motivational believes and perfectionism. This negative correlation has mediator and reductive role in relationship between motivational believes and academic achievement. This mediator role of perfectionism led to reduce direct correlation from 0/15 to 0/08. According to model indicators, can tell that direct and indirect effects of learning strategies can predict students’ academic achievement in 0/99 confidence level. Also motivational believes can be important key to percept of different behaviors in students such as educational performance, academic fail and academic achievement during of educational period. In this perfectionism has reductive role to motivational believes that is best be in attended.

Keywords


البرزی، شهلا؛ سیف، دیبا (1381). بررسی رابطۀ باورهای انگیزشی و راهبردهای یادگیری و برخی متغیرهای جمعیت‌شناختی با پیشرفت تحصیلی دانشجویان علوم انسانی در درس آمار. مجله علوم اجتماعی و انسانی داشگاه شیراز. دورۀ 19. شمارۀ 1(پیاپی 37): 73-83.
پاشاشریفی، حسن؛ صالحی، مهدیه؛ امامی‌پور، سوزان و بشردوست، سیمین (1390). بررسی ویژگی‌های روان‌سنجی سیاهه کمال‌گرایی هیل در دانشجویان. فصلنامهتازههایروا‌ن‌شناسیصنعتی/سازمانی. سال 2 .شمارۀ 7: 9-19.
حاجلو، نادر؛ صبحی قراملکی، ناصر؛ رهبرطارمسری، مرتضی و حقیقت‌گو، مرجان (1389). رابطۀ کمال‌گرایی با فرسودگی دانشجویان پرستاری. مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گیلان. شمارۀ 20(77): 20-33.
حافظی، فریبا؛ بختیارپور، سعید و احمدفخرالدین، اعظم(1389). مقایسۀ کمال‌گرایی، تعلل و افسردگی دبیران زن و مرد شهر اهواز. یافته های نو در روانشناسی. شمارۀ 3(9): 51-61.
حسن‌زاده، رمضان (1381). رابطۀ بین انگیزش، پیشرفت تحصیلی دانش‌آموزان. فصلنامۀ نوآوری آموزشی. شمارۀ 2(5): 15-28.
داوری، مژده؛ لواسانی، مسعود غلامعلی؛ اژه‌ای، جواد (1391).رابطۀ بین کمال‌گرایی و خودکارآمدی تحصیلی با اهداف پیشرفت دانش‌آموزان. مجلۀروانشناسی. سال 16. شمارۀ 3 (پیاپی 63): 266-281.
زارع، حسین؛ صفاری‌نیا، مجید؛ رضایی، پریسا (1392). مقایسۀ راهبردهای فراشناختی یادگیری، کمال‌گرایی و انگیختگی شناختی بین رتبه‌های برتر و سایر داوطلبان امتحانات ورودی سراسری دانشگاه‌ها. دانش و پژوهش در روان‌شناسی کاربردی. سال 14. شمارۀ 1 (پیاپی51): 53-62.
زارع، حسین؛ محمدزاده، رجبعلی (1391). نقش صفات شخصیتی در پیش‌بینی انگیزۀ پیشرفت دانشجویان. دستاوردهای روان‌شناختی (علوم‌تربیتی و روان‌شناسی). بهار و تابستان. دورۀ 4. شمارۀ 1: 117-138.
زرار، محمدامین(1387). رابطۀ راهبردهای یادگیری خودتنظیمی و باورهای انگیزشی با پیشرفت تحصیلی دانش‌آموزان. اندیشه‌های علوم‌تربیتی. دورۀ 4، شماره 4، 136-123.
سمایی، سهیلا (1389). اعتباریابی سیاه کمال‌گرایی هیل. تهران: مؤسسه آزمون‌یار پویا.
سیف، علی‌اکبر (1380). روان‌شناسی پرورشی. تهران: انتشارات آگاه.
شریفی، نسترن؛ گنجی، حمزه؛ هاشمیان، کیانوش؛ زند نجفی، جعفر (1390). مقایسۀ سهم هوش شناختی، خلاقیت و هوش هیجانی در پیش‌بینی پیشرفت تحصیلی دانش‌آموزان و دانشجویان در سطوح مختلف تحصیلی. فصلنامهتازه‌هایروانشناسیصنعتی/ سازمانی. سال 2. شمارۀ 6: 17-29.
عاشوری، جمال (1390). پرسشنامۀ راهبردهای انگیزشی برای یادگیری (MSLQ)از پینتریج، اسمیت، گارسیا و مک کیجی. تهران: مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم رفتاری شناختی سینا (روان تجهیز).
 
Artino, A. R. J. (2009). Online Learning: Are Subjective Perceptions of Instructional Context Related to Academic Success? Internet & Higher Education. Vol. 12 (3/4): 117-125.
Artino, A. R., J. & Stephens, J. M. (2009). Beyond Grades in Online Learning: Adaptive Profiles of Academic Self-regulation Among Naval Academy Undergraduates. Journal of Advanced Academics. 20(4): 568-601.
Artino, A. R.; La Rochelle, J. S. & Durning, S. J. (2010). Second-year Medical Students' Motivational Beliefs, Emotions, and Achievement. Medical Education, Vol. 44: 1203-1212.
Barry J. Z. (2002). Becoming a Self-Regulated Learner: Theory Into Practice. Vol 41:2. 64-70.
Capan, B. E. (2010). Relationship among Perfectionism, Academic Procrastination and Life Satisfaction of University Students. Vol.5: 665–1671.
Castro, J. R., & Rice, K. G. (2003). Perfectionism and Ethnicity: Implications for depressive symptoms and self-reported academic achievement. Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology. Vol. 9(1): 64-78
Charlot, B. (2001). La Notion de Rapport au Savoir: Points d‟ancrage Théorique et Fondements Anthropologiques. In B. Charlot (Ed.), Les Jeunes et le Savoir. Perspectives Internationales (5-24). Paris: Anthropo.
Deakins, D. & Freel, M. (2002). Entrepreneurship and Small Firms (3th Edition). London: Mc Grow.
Glenda C. R. & Karee E. D. (2010). The Impact of Online Graduate Students’ Motivation and Self-Regulation on Academic Procrastination. Journal of Interactive Online Learning. Vol. 9(1). Spring: 78-93.
Goetz, T.; Nett, E.; Martiny, E.; Hall, N.; Pekrun, R.; Dettmers, A. & Trautwein, B. (2012). Students' Emotions during Homework: Structures, Self-concept Antecedents, and Achievement Outcomes. Learning and Individual Differences. Vol. 22: 225–234.
Hall, N. C. (2009). Academic Self-concept and Emotion Relations: Domain Specificity and Age Effects. Contemporary Educational Psychology. Vol. 35: 44–58.
Kitsantas, A.; Steen, S. & Huie, F. (2012). The Role of Self-regulated Strategies and Goal Orientation in Predicting Achievement of Elementary School Children. International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education. Vol. 2 (1): 65-81.
Mathew, J.; Dunning, C.; Coats, Ch.& Whelan, Th. (2014), The Mediating Influence of Hope on Multidimensional Perfectionism and Depression. Personality and Individual Differences. Vol. 70 66-71.
Morgan & Krejcie (1970) Determining Sample Size for Research Activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement. Vol. 30: 607-610.
Patrick, L. E. C. J., & Arsal, G. (2014). Clarifying the Content Coverage of Differing Psychopathy Inventories through Reference to the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure. Psychological Assessment. Vol. 26. 350–362.
Pekrun, R.; Goetz, T.; Frenzel, A.; Barchfeld, P. & Perry, R. (2011). Measuring Emotions in Students’ Learning and Performance: The Achievement Emotions Questionnaire (AEQ). Contemporary Educational Psychology. Vol. 36: 36-48.
Pintrich P. R. & de Groot E. V. (1990). Motivational and Self-regulated Components of Classroom Academic Performance. Journal of Educational Psychology. Vol. 82(1): 33-40.
Pop, E. I.; Negru-Subtirica, O.; Crocetti, E.; Opre, A.& Meeus, W. (2016). On the Interplay between Academic Achievement and Educational Identity: A Longitudinal Study. Journal of Adolescence. Vol. 47: 135-144.
Renato, G. G. C. (2016). Gender Differences in Academic Achievement: The Mediating Role of Personality. Personality and Individual Differences. Vol. 94: 54-58.
Rutsztein, G.; Scappatura1y, M. L. & Murawski, B. (2014). Perfectionism and Low Self-esteem across the Continuum of Eating Disorders in Adolescent Girls from Buenos Aires. Revista Mexicana de Trastornos Alimentarios/Mexican Journal of Eating Disorders. Vol. 5: 39-49.
Stefano , G. D. (2010). Industrial and Corporate Change. Journal of Organizational Change Management. Vol. 19(4): 1187–1204.
Stoeber, J. (2014). Multidimensional Perfectionism and the DSM-5 Personality Traits, Personality and Individual Differences. Vol. 64: 115-120.
Stoeber, J.; Haskew, A. E & Scott, Ch. (2015). Perfectionism and Exam Performance: The Mediating Effect of Task-approach Goals. Personality and Individual Differences. Vol. 74: 171-176.
Wei-Wen, Ch. (2015), The Relations between Perceived Parenting Styles and Academic Achievement in Hong Kong: The Mediating Role of Students' Goal Orientations. Learning and Individual Differences. Vol.37: 48-54.
 Williams, Ch. & Cropley, M. (2014). The Relationship between Perfectionism and Engagement in Preventive Health Behaviours: The Mediating Role of Self-concealment. Journal of Health Psychology. Vol. 19(10): 1211-1221.
Zureck, E.; Altstِtter-Gleich, Ch.; Wolf , O. T.& Brand, M. (2014). It Depends: Perfectionism as a Moderator of Experimentally Induced Stress, Personality and Individual Differences. Vol. 63: 30-35.