واکاوی فرایند توسعه‌ی حرفه ای مبتنی بر تجارب زیسته‌ی معلّمان درس پژوه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی‌ارشد مدیریت آموزشی، دبیر آموزش‌وپرورش، قم، ایران

2 گروه مدیریت آموزشی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، تهران، ایران.

3 گروه مدیریت آموزشی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، تهران، ایران

چکیده

درس پژوهی یکی از پژوهشهای معطوف به مدرسه و برنامه درسی است که می تواند از یک سو طی فرایندی مشارکتی حرفه‏ای گری معلمان را ارتقا دهد و از سوی دیگر یادگیری و پیشرفت تحصیلی دانش آموزان را بهبود بخشد. هدف از انجام این پژوهش، واکاوی فرایند شکل‏گیری توسعه‌ی حرفه‌ای حاصل از درس‌پژوهی برای دستیابی به یک الگو و نحوه اثرگذاری مولفه‏های استخراج شده بر توسعه حرفه ای بود. روش پژوهش، کیفی با استفاده از رویکرد پدیدارشناسی بود. جامعه پژوهش شامل کلیه معلمان درس‏پژوه بود که در زمینه درس‏پژوهی موفقیتهایی را کسب کرده و نیز صاحبنظرانی که در مورد درس پژوهی، اقدام به تألیف مقاله و کتاب کرده بودند. با روش نمونه‏گیری هدفمند و بعد از انجام ده مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته، به اشباع نظری در داده‏ها دست یافتیم. پس از تحلیل مضمون مصاحبه ها، پنج مقوله عمده شامل رویکرد، فرهنگ، هسته فنی، عوامل زمینه‌ای و پیامدها پدیدار شد و در نهایت الگوی پژوهش بر اساس رویکرد سیستمی ترسیم شد. درس‏پژوهی در بافت فرهنگ خاصی با مختصات مشارکتی و نقدپذیری صورت می‏گیرد. رویکرد درس پژوهی هدف‏گرایانه، فرایند محور، خلاقیت‏محور است و با زمینه‏هایی مانند تفکر تأملی معلم، برقراری ارتباط، پژوهشگری و حل مسئله منجر به اصلاح و بهبود روش‌های تدریس، تسهیلگری و تعمیق بخشی به یادگیری و عاملیت یادگیرنده می‌شود. نتایج این فرایندها بر معلم و دانش آموز پیامدهایی از جمله توسعه حرفه‏ای، رضایت شغلی، لذت از یادگیری و علاقه‌مندی به مدرسه را در پی دارد. در نهایت الگوی ارائه شده در قالب گروه کانونی، اعتباربخشی شد.

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